Benazir Bhutto’s Personal Life Essay Example for Free

Benazir Bhutto’s Personal Life Essay She was born at Pinto Hospital in Karachi, on 21 June 1953. She was the eldest child of former prime minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, a Pakistani of Sindhi descent. Her paternal grandfather was Sir Shah Nawaz Bhutto. Bhutto was raised to speak both English and Urdu. English was her first language, while she was fluent in Urdu. Despite her family being Sindhi speakers, her Sindhi skills were almost non-existent. She was a bright student and a well mannered Lady of fine content. She served her life for Pakistan. She was Kind hearted and goal oriented person . On 18 December 1987, she married Asif Ali Zardari in Karachi. The couple had three children: two daughters, Bakhtawar and Asifa, and a son, Bilawal. When she gave birth to Bakhtawar in 1990, she became the first modern head of government to give birth while in office. Education: She attended the Lady Jennings Nursery School and Convent of Jesus and Mary in Karachi. After two years at the Rawalpindi Presentation Convent, she was sent to the Jesus and Mary Convent at Murree. She passed her O-level examinations at the age of 15.She then went on to complete her A-Levels at the Karachi Grammar School. After completing her early education in Pakistan, she pursued her higher education in the States. From Harvard University , she obtained a Bachelor of Arts degree. In June 2006, she received an Honorary LL.D degree from the University of Toronto .The next phase of her education took place in the United Kingdom. Bhutto’s father arrested: She returned to Pakistan where her father, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, had been elected prime minister, but days after her arrival, the military seized power and her father was imprisoned. In 1979 he was hanged by the military government of General Zia Ul Haq. Bhutto herself was also arrested many times, and was detained for three years before being permitted to leave the country in 1984. She settled in London, but along with her two brothers, she founded an underground organization to resist the military dictatorship. When her brother died in 1985, she returned to Pakistan for his burial, and was again arrested for participating in anti-government rallies. She returned to London after her release, and martial law was lifted in Pakistan at the end of the year. Anti-Zia demonstrations resumed and Benazir Bhutto returned to Pakistan in April 1986. The public response to her return was tumultuous, and she publicly called for the resignation of Zia Ul Haq, whose government had executed her father. Prime Minister: She was elected co-chairwoman of the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) along with her mother, and when free elections were finally held in 1988, she herself became Prime Minister. At 35, she was one of the youngest chief executives in the world, and the first woman to serve as prime minister in an Islamic country. she brought electricity to the countryside and built schools all over the country. She made hunger, housing and health care her top priorities, and looked forward to continuing to modernize Pakistan. Policies for women: During election campaigns the Bhutto government voiced its concern for womens social and health issues, including the issue of discrimination against women. Bhutto announced plans to establish womens police stations, courts, and womens development banks. Charges of Corruption: The French, Polish, Spanish and Swiss governments provided documentary evidence to the Pakistan government of alleged corruption by Bhutto and her husband. Bhutto and her husband faced a number of legal proceedings, including a charge of laundering money through Swiss banks. Her husband, Asif Ali Zardari, spent eight years in prison on similar corruption charges and once again, she was forced to leave her homeland. For nine years, she and her children lived in exile in London, where she continued to advocate the restoration of democracy in Pakistan. Asif Ali Zardari was released from prison in 2004 and rejoined his family in London In the autumn of 2007, in the face of death threats from radical Islamists, and the hostility of the government, Benazir Bhutto and her husband returned to their native country. Benazir Bhutto Murdered: Although she was greeted by enthusiastic crowds, within hours of her arrival, her motorcade was attacked after a campaign rally in Rawalpindi,by a gunman who fired at her car before detonating a bomb, killing himself and more than 20 bystanders. Bhutto was rushed to the hospital, but soon succumbed to injuries suffered in the attack. In the wake of her death, rioting erupted throughout the country. The loss of the countrys most popular democratic leader plunged Pakistan into turmoil, intensifying the dangerous instability of a nuclear-armed nation in a highly volatile region. Political Testament: In her political testament, Benazir Bhutto identified her son, Bilawal Bhutto Zardari, as her choice to succeed her as Chairman of the PPP. At the time of her death, Bialawal was only 19, still an undergraduate at Oxford. The party leadership agreed that his father, Asif Ali Zardari, would serve as acting chairman of the party until Bilawal completes his studies in England. Meanwhile, the PPP entered into a broad coalition, including the party of Bhuttos former rival Nawaz Al-Sharif, and scored an overhelming victory in the 2008 election. A member of the PPP, Yousaf Raza Gillani, was chosen to serve as Prime Minister. Later that year, President Musharraf resigned, and Asif Ali Zardari was elected President of Pakistan. Although Benazir Bhutto did not live to see these developments, the party she led and the causes she championed are in the ascendant, and her spirit pervades the political life of contemporary Pakistan. May Her Soul Rest In Peace,Amen

Essay example --

The Cultural Revolution started in1966 for the â€Å"renewed spirit of the Chinese Revolution.† Chairman Mao Zendong wanted to stop China from developing into a copied model of the Soviet Union, and so began a series of campaigns to stop this from occurring...or so he said. His true intention was regaining the power he had lost. It officially started when a man named Lin Piao gave a speech about his wish for students to return to the basic functioning of the revolutionary movement. Before long, people of the Chinese Communist party, intellectuals, and other political adversities were prosecuted in several ways, while ate the same time appealing to the people of China for help to once again establish China as a powerful and new country. These campaigns targeted the children in particular. As they were more susceptible to the advertisements and censored news that went out, they were efficiently turned into a group of effective Red Guard units. These units were, in short used to ensure the obedience of parents and/or to spy on them. This caused many family upheavals and betrayals that often led to tragedy. If one person in the family was an â€Å"enemy† then often the rest of the family was considered one too. Some people denounced their family members to escape this fate. In 1949, the Chinese Communist Party calls their liberation a victory, where it’s really a terrifying/bloody fight for power among the government while directing the campaign for the people of China to become â€Å"New People.† At the center was Chairman Mao, who later washed away his rival within the same year and began to destroy the old culture and traditions of China truly began. People of all classes were targeted for inane reasons and many people were physically abused, sh... ... professions and lifestyles. Landlords were considered the worst, as they â€Å"took advantage of people.† Many things were lost in this campaign, among them a full generation of people, as well as tradition, lives, culture, and history. The sheer amount of people who had been killed, beaten, abused, and tormented came to light. Over 1.5 million people were killed, and countless others imprisoned. Instead of China forward, it was set back an entire generation and it was years before it became powerful again. After Mao died in September 1976, the Gang of Four briefly retained power, but was pushed out by the military. Deng regained power in 1977, and continued holding control over China’s political world for the next 20 years. The overall effect of the revolution was opposite of what was wanted. It caused the people of China to lose respect and faith in their government.

Classification essay: Hobbies Essay

We all have hobbies that deal with our specific interests. A hobby is what a person enjoys doing at their own leisure. Many people have hobbies because doing what they love can bring happiness and joy towards their lives. Hobbies lets a person know what they will do next time to occupy themselves when they have a free afternoon or a day to themselves. This could include an interest such as: painting a drawing, reading a novel by their favorite author, playing their favorite sport, learning how to play an instrument and many more. Some say that a hobby is a time for relaxation and pleasure as they pursue an activity during their spare time. However, a hobby is more than means of relaxation and has more aspects and other benefits to it such as: self-improvement, a richer social life, and extra income in time. To start with, a hobby is a means for self-improvement. Hobbies can help a person discover their skills and how to improve them further. The longer a person pursues their favorite activity helps motivate them to work harder. It is a perfect way of learning because they aren’t doing it to please anyone else but themselves which makes the learning more effective. Another learning opportunity with a hobby is time-management skills. A person with a hobby must have  a schedule that helps them get their priorities done but also have time set aside to do what they love. A hobby helps to improve ourselves and the skills we have. Second, a hobby gives a person a better and richer social life. Sharing the same interest with other people can boost up your social life as it would bring a solid context on conversations and socializing. For example, if a  person enjoys dancing then he would probably join a dance group or club and make friends who share the same passion as he does. Having the same hobby as someone can result in a great deal of wonderful conversations. Your hobby can bring you a stimulating social life as you will be able to interact with many people. Finally, a hobby can become a means for extra income in time. There are many people who achieve jobs by doing what they love to do. As their hobby starts to improve and reaches a stage of professionalism, then they will be able to make money out of it. For example, painters enjoy making drawings but to reach the point where they could sell it for income they must’ve practiced their hobby for years. Nevertheless, they love what they do and they are getting rewarded for their hard work in the end. Such people are very blessed to be earning their living by doing what they are passionate about, as that will guarantee happiness and success. In summation, having a hobby helps to improve ourselves, enriches our social network, and may produce future income. If you want to fit more into your life and achieve happiness, joy and success; try to discover what you are attracted to. Find a hobby and stay with it. It will be  worth all the time, effort and money you put into it. You never know, you may become a different person.

Management of Organization Lawsons Case - 2235 Words

COMM 1007EL-01 Management of Organization â… ¡ Case: LAWSONS Instructor: J. Austin Davey Date: January 29, 2014 Executive Summary Jackie Patrick, a newly appointed loans officer for the Commercial Bank of Ontario, needs to make a decision about whether or not to accept the request for a $194,000 bank loan and a $26,000 line of credit from Paul Mackay, sole proprietor of Lawsons, a general merchandising retailer in Riverdale, Ontario. According to the ratio analysis and changes in cash flow, it is necessary for Lawsons to seek less expensive debt. Based on the projected financial statements, it is reasonable to grant partial amount. According to analysis, 4 alternatives are given: 1. Do not grant the loan 2. Grant the†¦show more content†¦Current liabilities are too large, Lawsons should pay attention to it. Efficiency Age of receivables: This ratio is very low, 7 days in 2003, which is well below the industry ratio of 19.1 days. Even though the trend is increasing but it is still a positive sign for the company and it shows that probably Lawsons has few credit sales. Age of inventory: This ratio measures how quickly the merchandise moves through the business. Lawsons’s age of inventory is almost six times of the industry average of 25.7 days which is a major issue that needs to be addressed. Higher inventory levels tie up larger amount of the company’s money. The company should try to decrease its age of inventory and the new inventory control system should be considered carefully. Age of payables: It has increased from 55 days to 154 days. Due to the liquidity issues, it is hard for the company to pay its purchases quickly. The company is depending too much on its trade credit. Stability Net worth/total assets: The trend is downward. The industry ratio is 61.5%, which is much higher than Lawsons. It may cause difficulty in raising additional capital and a danger of encouraging irresponsibility by the owners and of leaving inadequate protection for the company’s creditors. Lawsons Industry Average A = L + SE A = L + SE 100 = 98.6 +1.4 100 = 38.5 + 61.5 Interest coverage: It hasShow MoreRelatedThe Culture Of White Cap958 Words   |  4 Pagesemployees, longstanding traditions of job security, liberal benefits, and paternalistic management. This culture had been maintained and molded by the White family for more than 50 years. Change would most likely not be welcomed without resistance. Bob White’s successor was Art Lawson. Lawson maintained White’s longstanding culture after his retirement. Macro Micro problems involve the internal workings and the management of the company. The leadership currently in place was secure in their role andRead MoreThe Culture Of White Cap968 Words   |  4 Pageslongstanding traditions of job security, liberal benefits, and paternalistic management (p. 207). This culture had been molded and maintained by W.P. White and his son Bob for more than 50 years. Change would not likely be welcomed without resistance. Bob White’s successor was Art Lawson. Lawson maintained White’s longstanding culture after his retirement. Micro Micro problems involve the internal workings and the management of the company. The leadership currently in place had job security, soRead MoreDollar General Uses Integrated Software Essay832 Words   |  4 PagesAbstract The purpose of this paper is to analysis the case study â€Å"Dollar General Uses Integrated Software† The paper will seek to understand various issues concerning the implementation of the system as presented in the case study. It shall discuss the various facts concerning the implementation including the reasons for the needing the system,explaining why the old system created problems for Dollar general.The paper shall consider any alternatives to the software in order to reduce costs. ItRead MoreWgu Jdt Task 11351 Words   |  6 Pagesthe position we as a company need to take. How is constructive discharge relevant as a legal concept to the current scenario? At the beginning of this year the company implemented a new work shift policy to keep up with the growth of the organization. The policy requires that employee’s in the production group work 12 hour shifts with 4 days on then 4 days off in a rotating manner. This means that at times some employee’s will be working on a religious holy day. The former employee is claimingRead MorePeter Browning Case Essay916 Words   |  4 Pagesway of management to improve company’s performance without threatening White Cap’s image as soon as possible. For example, marketing and sales department should spend more time with existing customers and aggressively in developing new customers to maintain market share. HR department should motivate the employees with new surprises and incentives, not just maintain all the traditional and popular benefit policies. 3. What should he do specifically in dealing with a) White and Lawson b) Stark Read MoreCase Study for B.F. Goodrich Wheel1304 Words   |  6 PagesCase Introduction On June 18, 1967, the B.F. Goodrich Wheel and Brake Plant in Troy, Ohio, received a contract from LTV to supply wheels and brakes for the new Air Force light attack aircraft. Goodrich won the contract based on their competitive bid and their innovative technical design, featuring a light-weight four-rotor brake1. Before the Air Force could accept the brake, B.F. Goodrich had to present a report showing that the brake passed specified qualifying tests. The former B.F. GoodrichRead MoreEnterprise IT Architecture Essay573 Words   |  3 PagesThis relates to information management strategy, since it demonstrates the modern day necessity of well managed information. Much of Lankhurst et al’s work develops the blueprint spelled out by Spewak and Hill, who offer practical advice on how companies can create systems that integrate data by using technology (Spewak and Hill, 1993). While it might be tempting to call enterprise IT architecture another form of IT strategy, this is wrong. IT strategy is one part. As Lawson says, â€Å"Many top executivesRead MoreNdas1733 Words   |  7 PagesPreliminary Assignment: NEXT-DAY AIR SERVICES This case study is referenced throughout the recommended course text â€Å"Business Data Communications† (Fitzgerald, J. and Dennis, A.; 10ed Wiley International Student Version). It concerns a fictitious firm, Next-Day Air Service (NDAS). The questions posed do not have one unique solution. There are too many options when dealing with LANs, WANs, MANs, BNs and the Internet, so a realistic network design and development problem can have several workable answersRead MoreArticles about Involvement in Gang Violence and Methods of Prevention for Students1387 Words   |  6 Pagesstudents’ involvement in gangs, yet Mike Knox who wrote â€Å"The Case for Strictly Enforced Dress Codes in Schools† does a better job of incorporating logos into his argument about providing stricter dress codes to decrease the number of students joining gangs, therefore making his the stronger argument between the two. Dohrmanns pathos-driven argument begins with the heartbreaking life story of Fred Lawson who grew up in Berkeley, California. Lawson was often distracted from his sports career by a localRead More Hospital Supply Chain Management Essay1640 Words   |  7 PagesCare Healthcare Supply Chain Management Supply Chain Management plays a vital role in our hospitals today. With the growing cost of healthcare and new technologies, it is vital for hospitals to run as efficiently as possible without jeopardizing care. To the materials manager and to the financial minds of a hospital the area of supply chain is a tedius task at best, the kind of planning, strategizing and measuring that seldom goes recognized and rewarded. The work involved with inventory control

The Legacy of NWA Essay - 1129 Words

During the 80s a controversial group of rappers came together and changed the game of Hip Hop for generations to come. Niggas with Attitude, otherwise known as N.W.A, was comprised of the rappers; Ice Cube, MC Ren, Easy E, Yella, and Dr. Dre. Theses rappers spoke the truth about life in the streets; the hustling, the trapping, the sexual encounters, the gang life, and the most important, the racism. They shined a light on these issues in a violent, sexually explicit, yet intelligent and revolutionary way. The Facebook page, *N.W.A* creates an environment that connects people of all races, backgrounds, and ages; with the goal of immortalizing, and spreading the original message of the group. How does one pay homage to such a†¦show more content†¦This album is revolutionary, just like all the best art has always been; revealing the truth.†(Post 2) This portrays the true purpose of this page, to bring together different races and age group with music while showing appreci ate to the group that brought light to an important issue. From her comment one can only assume that this lady was never a witness to any form of segregation or racism where she grew-up from. Perhaps she assumed that the way she was raised was the same for everyone around the world. She writes how the group, NWA, woke her up. To what exactly? The truth, which she wrote was revealed in her comment. The truth which she talks about, refers to the harsh reality of life expressed in NWA’s lyrics throughout each of their albums. This page is an avenue for fans to come and share, how this group inspired them, and introduced them to the truth. The woman mentioned in the quote did not grow up in Compton, or Harlem. She wasn’t raised in the â€Å"hood/ghetto†, she never had to deal with racism based on the mere fact that she is a minority; yet she was able to relate to the lyrics, to find the truth behind the words. That is the beauty of this Facebook page, connecting p eople from different backgrounds and opposite sides of the earth with one common interest. Evolution is a principle that has been around since the beginning of time. Majority of the things that we see, and use hasShow MoreRelatedJunior Research Paper on Wrestling2059 Words   |  9 Pages1991 (â€Å"Portland Wrestling†). This program was originally founded by Herb Owens (Don’s father) in 1925. Soon after, Don Owns, his son, took over the company in 1942. Don Owens was one of the original founders and is one of the longest members in the NWA known as the National Wrestling Alliance (â€Å"Portland Wrestling†). Don Owens was well known for his business by paying his wrestlers fairly well and taking care of them. This resulted in many wrestlers interested in wrestling for Owens promotions fromRead MoreDelta and The Future of The Airline Industry Essay2563 Words   |  11 Pageswith a perception of quality at a reasonable price. Firms of higher cost airlines need to work toward brand differentiation at the very least lowering price points. Legacy airlines do have a place in the Airline Industry, but their significance will continue to lessen. Consumers have become more price conscious. While Legacy Airlines have a history of making more money during peak times, the transparency of ticket prices will continue to cause irreparable damage to the market. PART 2: FIRM-LEVELRead MoreProject Management Sample Assignment4110 Words   |  17 Pagesto achieve intermediate benefits before realizing the main benefit. It is evident from the business case that US Toys has purchased a software solution called Demand Chain Management whose full benefit will be show-caused by integrating it with its legacy warehouse management system. During initial planning phases, appropriate team members or groups should be involved so that they contribute and create auxiliary ideas (Young 2006). Key components of business case like project purpose, objectives andRead MoreHarlem Renaissance the Hip Hop Movement2779 Words   |  12 Pageshistory of the culture. Some rappers today use violence and other offensive subjects in the lyrics of their rap music. Gangster Rap is a form of rap expression that became popular during the late 80s to mid 90s with the insurgence of groups like NWA (Niggers with Attitude) from the west coast. Gangster rap would express ha te towards police and women and glamorized drugs and murder. This was the ultimate reason for the deaths of two of the greatest rappers of the hip-hop era, Tupac Shakur and ChristopherRead MoreDelta Airlines Essay4538 Words   |  19 Pagestheir own branded aircraft until the integration process is complete. This has given delta a combined market share of approximately 18% (Gayle, 2008) Effects of Market Structure In the United States there are generally two types of airlines: legacy carriers, which are defined as airlines that specifically operated interstate routes prior to the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978, and low cost airlines that compete solely on the basis of offering the lowest price per ticket within the market

My Vocation and Life Dream - 1436 Words

As humans we naturally crave happiness. Everything single action that occurs in our life is a step that we consciously or subconsciously make in order to achieve this happiness. If one honestly observes every action they have made in their life they can see how all their actions are directed towards happiness. College choices, romance, sex, and many other things are made based on a person’s hunger for happiness. In order to identify the things that will make me the happiest in life I must first reflect upon the question, â€Å"Who am I called to be?†. People have different callings based on their traits and talents, by using these talents they can get closer to achieving their vocation. If one chooses their vocation based on their attraction to the specific activity and on their desire to be happy they will most likely find happiness. I have always had a calling to be a father. Ever since I was eight years old I knew that I wanted to be a father. The reason behind this desire is most likely because I wanted to be a better father than my father was to me. That has always been one of my goals in life. Not only do I want to be a father but I also want to be a civil engineer. I understand that these two desires are very different but I will connect the two separate ideas further on in the paper. My biggest dream is to be the best father I can possibly be. I understand that this is easier said than done but I know I can achieve it. In our society we always here the saying, â€Å"aShow MoreRelatedInterview About A Person That Inspires Me855 Words   |  4 Pagesthat inspires me through the work that he has done for our Seattle Youth Group Ministry – Matthew. This interview had really allowed me to get to know him on a more personal level and help reassured me on my own vocation in life. From a young boy who lived in darkness to a man who now led a life dedicated to spreading God’s light is what makes me felt connected to sit down and do this interview with him. Matthew’s contributions as a youth group leader played a huge part on how our youth group wasRead MoreGoals And Objectives Of Self Leadership920 Words   |  4 PagesGoals/Objectives Self-Leadership: Integrity I will obtain this characteristic and be able to overcome any issue that comes to me and stick to the values, to do and say what is right. I will establish my integrity by having my words meet my actions. I will form and create values and have no fear. I will be credible to my followers so they will have the confidence in myself as their leader (Maxwell, 1993). 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In my functioning as a government official, I have had frequent episodes related to solving issues concerning the law. From the very outset when I was young, the dream of becoming a lawyer was inhibited in my heart. It was always irresistible to participate in debates; even those that were among adults. Somehow, I hadRead More A Comparison of Holden of Catcher in the Rye and Equality 7-251 of Anthem629 Words   |  3 Pagesnbsp; If it were up to him, Equality would have become an inventor in the House of the Scholars, but the Council of Vocations sends him off to become a city janitor.nbsp; When he does not comply, and continues with his experimentation, Equality is punished.nbsp; This forces him to run from society, and make his way into the forest, where he would live the rest of his life.nbsp; Similarly, Holdens parents and various schools preven t him from succeeding.nbsp; According to his parents, HoldenRead MoreIs It Work Or A Calling? Essay966 Words   |  4 Pages Is It Work or A Calling: You Decide Work is a necessary part of life. The income generated provides the basic needs of food, shelter, and clothing. Work can be a vocation and vocation can be work depending upon a person’s view. Take for example the story of a Road Construction Flagger. His job was to turn the stop sign around to stop or allow vehicles to pass by on a one-wayRead More Literature And The Workplace Essay1524 Words   |  7 Pagesthe same. This means the audience for this type of literature is wide. Some of the common themes that are found in the literature of work might include finding one’s vocation and pride in work. These are two of the most positive experiences, and the focus of this paper. The works we will be discussing are the short story, â€Å"My Lack of Gumption,† the essay, â€Å"Pablo Picasso: Living in his own Shadow†, and the poem, â€Å"Old Men Working Concrete.† Each of these works speaks to the pride and passion ofRead MoreWhat I Learned in the Course of Spiritual Life and Growth1097 Words   |  4 PagesI have learned to live my life through trial and error; I believe mistakes should be accepted without regret. I didnt always think in this manner, I originally was a perfectionist. I strived to be the best at everything I did and it stunted my growth in life for quite some time. After I understood the value of my life, I realized the key was to live genuinely; to live for a purpose that was not only important to myself, but to ot hers as well. I was not taught morality, I had to learn it the hardRead MoreBecoming A Servant For The Lord2854 Words   |  12 Pagesaspects of life, ones duty in life, or a representative of God. All these aspects of living can be defined by the term Vocation. Vocation too many people can mean different things. Many people feel that Vocation is an extraordinary calling from God that tells them a specific turning point in their life to begin a new journey in a religious form. A lot of people in the early twentieth century thought this way and felt the term Vocation was only meant for religious meanings. However Vocation throughoutRead MoreI Am A Traditional Chinese Girl869 Words   |  4 Pagestraditional Chinese girl. In my memory, I was always told that I was very quiet and assiduous, and I was always being commissary in charge of studies of a class from my elementary school. After 6th grade, I enrolled in an outstanding students class of junior high school with distinction sc ore. In the junior high school, I also studied hard, it was certain that I got good grades during my junior high school. There was a turning point to me in 2011. After consulted with my parents, I decided to go to

Sacred Places Essay Example For Students

Sacred Places Essay The World Trade Center: A Sacred Site R. Clark, J. Frazier July 4, 2010 Greg Underwood University of Phoenix The World Trade Center: Sacred Site Myths, while imagined, have their own explanations of the divine, that to the faithful and those who take the myth on faith, see as true, sacred and unquestioned. For those who do not see myths as religion and the lore and stories in it mere stories, events and elements in it are curiously close to the beliefs and persuasive elements of the philosophies or religion the person follows. Take for example current world religions elements of god, evil, goodness, light, dark, motherhood, piety, divine appointment, determinism they are all part of the Pantheon. Remember, that back in the period when the stories and tales we now know as myths were the standard, they were seen and treated by the civilization or culture that followed them as the truth, the established knowledge and explanation of their world, their reality and their role and place in it. Each myth, each pantheon of gods had their own sacred places. Like dwellings to humans, these sacred places were either their abodes or locations that held great significance to them due to events and roles that played out in it. There are different types of sacred sights. Despite their differences they are united by common elements. Sacred sites allow the people of a specific culture transcend time space, moving them to a distant, sacred space. Sometimes this is through historic retellings of actual events and sometimes it is through the imagination of things that cannot be proven to have happened. They are the sites where important things happened, either through divine or human agency (Leonard McClure, 2004). Some sacred places are sites for mourning. Let us, for the purpose of discussion, consider religion as an evolution or an expression of established myths. The Wailing Wall in Jerusalem and the Golgotha, the hill and site where Jesus Christ was crucified, is a place of mourning but at the same time a place of divine sanctity as events of the divine that are important in the Pantheon, erformed on, for or by important figures in the pantheon happened there (wcg. org, 2008). Jesus Christs crucifixion is central to Christian theology. It is by his death that Man is saved, an offering to God and to humanity. Without the death of Christ, in such a cruel and gruesome manner, the Christianity we know today wont exist as it is where Jesus Christ transcends from mortal to divine. Hence, the place he was cruelly put to death, the cross he was nailed to, his shroud, the nails, the crown of thorns, the city where it happened and all the characters evil and good that placed a part in it, they are all important in the telling and the sanctity of the event with the place, the city of Jerusalem and the hill of Golgotha determined in the larger Christian pantheon as absolutely and unquestionably sacred (wikipedia. org, 2010). Now, lets take a look at other sacred places the temples of the Roman Gods, the temples and pyramids of Egyptian pharaohs, the ancient Celtic locations known as Stonehenge, that used to host worship and celebratory ceremonies, the ancient temples of the Olmecs, the Aztecs and the Incas and important places of worship of the American Indians are only among the many. Many of these places are not places of mourning but also of celebration. However, when worship and celebration happens, it only means remembrance, prayers and giving importance to a set of beliefs. .u1f4234faa0212beaf7ad7d59b86cce4d , .u1f4234faa0212beaf7ad7d59b86cce4d .postImageUrl , .u1f4234faa0212beaf7ad7d59b86cce4d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1f4234faa0212beaf7ad7d59b86cce4d , .u1f4234faa0212beaf7ad7d59b86cce4d:hover , .u1f4234faa0212beaf7ad7d59b86cce4d:visited , .u1f4234faa0212beaf7ad7d59b86cce4d:active { border:0!important; } .u1f4234faa0212beaf7ad7d59b86cce4d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1f4234faa0212beaf7ad7d59b86cce4d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1f4234faa0212beaf7ad7d59b86cce4d:active , .u1f4234faa0212beaf7ad7d59b86cce4d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1f4234faa0212beaf7ad7d59b86cce4d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1f4234faa0212beaf7ad7d59b86cce4d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1f4234faa0212beaf7ad7d59b86cce4d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1f4234faa0212beaf7ad7d59b86cce4d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1f4234faa0212beaf7ad7d59b86cce4d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1f4234faa0212beaf7ad7d59b86cce4d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1f4234faa0212beaf7ad7d59b86cce4d .u1f4234faa0212beaf7ad7d59b86cce4d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1f4234faa0212beaf7ad7d59b86cce4d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The American Opportunity EssayNow, by mourning, those who come to mourn remember all the good things about a person, an event or a relationship hence the loss is difficult and sad. They mourn to pray for, give thanks to as well as celebrate and give importance to the object of their mourning. Hence, in Christian churches, a mass is held to celebrate and mourn a departed before his/her body is entered into the tomb. Now in modern America, can it be said that the former site of the World Trade Center is an emergent sacred location? Like Troy in Homers Iliad and Odyssey (www. imelessmyths. com, 1999), it was cruelly destroyed and burnt down to the ground unsuspecting individ uals going about their lives attacked upon in stealth by an angry enemy wishing to terrorize with fear a nation (in comparison to Troy, considered a sacred place in the pantheon of Greek mythology, as proven in the digs at the Greek city of Pergamum in what is now Turkey). Granted, the terrorists did not have the supposed fleets of Greek navy and regiments of warriors and soldiers representing nations. However, their attack was aimed to settle a score, to destroy, harm and if possible, raze to the ground Troy over several disputes and grievances over territory, politics, wealth and a woman, Helen. In comparison, the Al Qaeda terrorists motivations are not far off politics, ideology, religion and territory. The World Trade Center was originally a venture to revitalize Lower Manhattan. The Port Authority thought this idea of consolidated world trade would bring a greater flow of commerce and traffic through the port. It was a seven building structure that would house offices above west Hudson stop on the PATH Line (WTC, 2010). It can be assumed that the original team of men and women who envisioned such a bright future for the building could not have expected the World Trade Center would come to stand for far more. On September 11th, 2001, the World Trade Center was destroyed by terrorists who flew two commercial jets into the twin towers. On September 12th, amidst the twisted wreckage and a mourning nation, a sacred site was born. The destruction of the World Trade Center opened a new chapter in global politics and conflict resulting to a continuing war on a global scale that resulted to change in regimes, associations and political leadership in the Middle East (Iraq) and Central Asia (Afghanistan) and caused several similarly themed events the world over (consider the Bali Bombings). It divided people by religion and belief, as well as united those who stand by view and faith, as well as realigned political affiliations and rearranged legislation from domestic to global agencies. Most of all, soldiers, civilians and fighters lost their lives, causing families and communities to mourn and give a certain sense of importance, negative or positive, to the site where it all began the former site of the Twin Towers in New York. The loss of lives in the building itself is significant. Families and friends still come to the site regularly to pray for and to mourn those who perished, including families of people who lost their lives in the preceding war. The site has become sacred as the spiritual elements of their passing become a source of hope and inspiration to those who mourn them, celebrating their lives when they were still around. Much like Jerusalem, the site has become sacred due to the events that happened in it and the meaning attached to the event and the people involved. In conclusion The World Trade Center has come to stand for more than just a building that emphasizes global commerce. It is more than a way for the Port Authority to increase its ridership. And it is far more than a way to revitalize a dying neighborhood. .u342a54094ab596b2a6dbd5f1310c82be , .u342a54094ab596b2a6dbd5f1310c82be .postImageUrl , .u342a54094ab596b2a6dbd5f1310c82be .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u342a54094ab596b2a6dbd5f1310c82be , .u342a54094ab596b2a6dbd5f1310c82be:hover , .u342a54094ab596b2a6dbd5f1310c82be:visited , .u342a54094ab596b2a6dbd5f1310c82be:active { border:0!important; } .u342a54094ab596b2a6dbd5f1310c82be .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u342a54094ab596b2a6dbd5f1310c82be { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u342a54094ab596b2a6dbd5f1310c82be:active , .u342a54094ab596b2a6dbd5f1310c82be:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u342a54094ab596b2a6dbd5f1310c82be .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u342a54094ab596b2a6dbd5f1310c82be .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u342a54094ab596b2a6dbd5f1310c82be .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u342a54094ab596b2a6dbd5f1310c82be .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u342a54094ab596b2a6dbd5f1310c82be:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u342a54094ab596b2a6dbd5f1310c82be .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u342a54094ab596b2a6dbd5f1310c82be .u342a54094ab596b2a6dbd5f1310c82be-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u342a54094ab596b2a6dbd5f1310c82be:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: A Streetcar Named Desire Coursework EssayThe images of the twin towers, broken, twisted and smoking are burned in the American cultural consciousness. The remains of the building has been cleared away, so that a new six building structure and a memorial can be re-built in the original’s place. But the site will never again just be an office building or a stop on the Port Authority Trans-Hudson line. It will forever be a reminder to the American people that freedom always has a cost, and that cost can be tallied in lives. That very memory of the World Trade Center provides solidarity for many different people of different lifestyles. It reminds us of our fragility and brings the realities of our global neighborhood in a harsh way. It moves us beyond the here and now and unites us against a common threat. It moves us to great heights of compassion and sacrifice and reminds us of the all to human flaws that we as a people struggle with. We are not so unlike our Greek brethren, nor are our modern sacred places so different from their ancient relative, Troy. References Information retrieved on July 1, 2010, from experiencefestival. com/a/Sacred_Places. Information retrieved on July 1, 2010, from www. en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Presentation_of_Jesus_at_the_Temple Information retrieved on July 1, 2010, from http://www. wcg. org/lit/jesus/golgotha. htm. Information retrieved on July 1, 2010, from http://www. timelessmyths. com/classical/ Leonard, S. , McClure, M. (2004). Myth and knowing. An introduction to world mythology . Retrieved from  https://ecampus. phoenix. edu/content/eBookLibrary2/ content/eReader. aspx. (2010). World Trade Center. Retrieved from http://www. wtc. com/about/wtchistory-wtc- timeline